بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ
الرَّحْمَـٰنِ
الرَّحِيمِ
الْمَلِكِ
الْقُدُّوسِ
السَّلَامِ
1446 - شَوَّال الْمُكَرَّم
الْمُؤْمِنِ
الْمُهَيْمِنِ
الْعَزِيزِ
الْجَبَّارُ
الْمُتَكَبِّرُ
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G
Dhuhr
02:00 PM
Asr
06:15 PM
Maghrib
07:46 PM
Isha
09:45 PM
Jumu'ah
02:00 PM
Baghdad
بغداد
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Baghdad was founded in 762 CE by the Abbasid Caliph al-Mansur and became the glorious capital of the Islamic Caliphate during its Golden Age. Known as the "City of Peace" (Madinat al-Salam), it was a global center of trade, culture, and science. It housed the famous House of Wisdom (Bayt al-Hikma), where scholars from various backgrounds translated Greek, Persian, and Indian texts into Arabic. For centuries, Baghdad was the most sophisticated city in the world, home to legendary figures like Harun al-Rashid, until its tragic destruction by the Mongols in 1258 CE. Baghdad was founded by the Abbasid caliph al-Mansur in 762 CE. He called it Madinat al-Salam (City of Peace). It was designed as a circular city, with the caliph's palace and the Great Mosque at the center. Baghdad quickly became the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate and the center of the Islamic world. It was a city of immense wealth, culture, and learning. The House of Wisdom (Bayt al-Hikma) was established in Baghdad, where scholars translated works from Greek, Persian, and Indian into Arabic. This translation movement preserved and built upon the knowledge of ancient civilizations. Baghdad was home to legendary figures: Harun al-Rashid, the caliph of the "Thousand and One Nights"; Al-Ma'mun, the patron of the House of Wisdom; Al-Khwarizmi, the father of algebra; Al-Razi and Ibn Sina, the great physicians; and many others. Baghdad was the center of the Islamic Golden Age. Its scholars made advances in mathematics, astronomy, medicine, chemistry, physics, philosophy, and literature. The city was a global center of learning, attracting scholars from across the world. The city was also a center of Islamic law and theology. The four major Sunni schools of law developed during this period, and great scholars like Al-Ghazali taught in Baghdad. Baghdad's decline began with political fragmentation and was hastened by the Mongol invasion in 1258 CE. The Mongols destroyed the city, killed its inhabitants, and ended the Abbasid Caliphate. The destruction of Baghdad marked the end of the Islamic Golden Age. Baghdad represents the peak of Islamic civilization,the synthesis of knowledge, the flourishing of culture, and the intellectual leadership of the Ummah. It reminds of the importance of knowledge, the value of translation and preservation, and the heights that Islamic civilization achieved. For Muslims, Baghdad is a symbol of what can be achieved when knowledge is pursued, when cultures meet, and when faith and reason work together. It is also a reminder of the fragility of civilization and the importance of unity, justice, and the protection of knowledge.
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