Hajb

Hajb, meaning "Exclusion," is a fundamental principle in "Ilm al-Fara'id" (the Islamic law of inheritance). It refers to the rule where certain relatives prevent others from inheriting, or reduce their share, based on their degree of proximity to the deceased. For example, the presence of a son "excludes" (Hajb) the brothers and sisters of the deceased from inheriting. There are two types: "Hajb Nuqsan" (reduction of a share) and "Hajb Hirman" (total exclusion). This system ensures that wealth is distributed justly among those most closely related to the deceased, maintaining the financial stability of the immediate family. Hajb (exclusion) is a principle in inheritance law. It means that certain heirs are excluded or have their shares reduced because of the presence of closer relatives. Hajb hirman (complete exclusion) occurs when a relative is entirely prevented from inheriting. For example, brothers are excluded by the presence of a son. Hajb nuqsan (partial exclusion) occurs when a relative's share is reduced. For example, a mother's share is reduced from 1/3 to 1/6 if the deceased has children or multiple siblings. The rules of hajb ensure that wealth stays with the closest relatives. They prevent distant relatives from inheriting when there are closer ones. This maintains family cohesion and financial stability. For believers, hajb is part of the divine distribution. They accept it as Allah's wisdom, ensuring that wealth is distributed to the closest relatives. They study the rules, implement them correctly, and trust in Allah's justice.