Surah Al-Baqarah (The Cow) is the second and longest chapter of the Holy Quran, comprising 286 verses revealed primarily in Medina over an extended period. Its name derives from the story of the cow commanded to Moses (peace be upon him) (2:67-73). This monumental surah covers virtually every aspect of Islamic guidance-theology, law, ethics, worship, social relations, economics, and spirituality. It begins by classifying humanity into believers, disbelievers, and hypocrites, establishing the Quran as guidance for the God-conscious (muttaqin). It presents the story of Adam, the Children of Israel's history, and Abraham building the Kaaba. Legally, it contains detailed rulings on prayer, fasting, pilgrimage, marriage, divorce, waiting periods, nursing, commerce, debt, interest (riba), and charity. It includes Ayat al-Kursi (2:255), the greatest verse in the Quran, describing Allah's absolute sovereignty, knowledge, and power. The surah's final verses (2:285-286) are particularly blessed, containing believers' affirmation of faith and beautiful supplications. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "Do not turn your houses into graves. Indeed, Satan flees from a house in which Surah al-Baqarah is recited" (Muslim). He also stated that whoever recites its last two verses at night, they will suffice him. Surah Al-Baqarah establishes the comprehensive framework of Islamic life, integrating faith with practice, individual devotion with social responsibility, and this world with the next.